Hydrometer, I never use my refractometer anymore…
One reason this is so puzzling to me is I have another stout recipe I use that finishes about the same gravity and it always turns out fine. Sounds like I should try this recipe again, perhaps with a new thermometer, re-calibrate my pH meter, and build up my water profile a bit before I try any actual ingredient changes.
Thanks everyone for all your help!
+1 on water profile